10 of the Most Common HVAC Problems and How to Fix Them

Your HVAC system can face a variety of problems ranging from simple to complex.

Here are ten of the most common problems that impact your air conditioner, furnace, and ductwork, as well as a few suggestions to solve these common HVAC problems:

1. Dirty Filters

Perhaps the most common of all HVAC problems, and one that is easily fixed, is a dirty filter. Dirty filters will block airflow and cause your furnace to work harder to maintain an ideal temperature. This overburdens the unit, which could cause overheating, premature wear, and HVAC airflow problems.

Replacing the filter is easy; it’s something almost anyone can do without help from a trained professional. The biggest challenge is making sure you have the right type, but your furnace’s manual should have this information.

2. Dirty Ductwork

When there is dirt, dust, and grime in your ductwork, it can spread all through the home. This reduces air quality and could create breathing problems for people with sensitivities like allergies or asthma.

Cleaning, cleaning, and more cleaning. Whether you clean the ductwork system on your own or have a professional do it for you, make sure you are cleaning the ducts regularly. Tools like video inspection cameras can help you target areas that need cleaning.

3. Problems with Pilot Light and Ignition

The ignition system in your furnace operates under a very specific process. If any one of the materials or components is malfunctioning, your furnace may be unable to ignite. The issue could stem from problems with the pilot light, flame sensors, or burners.

It is a problem that requires professional diagnosis and repair. If your furnace is unable to light, call a trained technician who can safely work with the gas supply and high-voltage electrical supply.

4. Malfunctioning Thermostat

If you believe your furnace is not operating properly, it could be the thermostat. These are complicated pieces of equipment that come with many different features.

Start with the owner’s manual. There may be a troubleshooting section to help you target and fix the issue. (Hint: it may be something as easy as replacing the battery!) If that doesn’t work, contact a technician.

5. Tripped Breakers and Blown Fuses

If the system stops working entirely, and appears to have no power whatsoever, a breaker may have been tripped or a fuse could have blown.

Both issues are caused by an overworked furnace. An overworked furnace is often caused by a clogged filter. Therefore, start by replacing the filter. If the problem persists, call a technician to correct the issue.

6. Dirty Condenser or Evaporator Coils

If your system has not been serviced regularly, it may stop cooling or heating as well as it should. The condenser and evaporator coils are probably dirty, which is the root cause of an ineffective HVAC system.

An outdoor coil can be hosed down once the power is shut off. Extremely dirty condensers and coils may need to be serviced by a professional.

7. Water Leaks from the Unit

Air conditioners and furnaces produce condensation, which is directed to drain pipes. These pipes, and the drains, can become clogged, which can cause water to back up and leak from the unit.

Keep the drains clear by pouring bleach down the pipes. If you are unable to fix the issue, contact a professional right away.

8. Uneven Room Temperatures

HVAC zoning problems can create uneven temperatures from room to room and even within a single room. Your ducts should deliver cool or warm air evenly throughout the entire house, but this is not always the case.

Unfortunately, you may need a redesign of your ductwork. Often ducts can be adjusted to deliver even temperatures throughout the house.

9. Negative Pressure

Negative pressure, which is when the air pressure outside of the home is higher than the pressure inside, can create problems with efficiency and even household temperatures. With negative pressure, unfiltered and unconditioned air is pulled into the home, which can significantly reduce both the comfort and quality.

This type of problem has many causes, so fixing it may be difficult. The fan speed may be too high, or there may be cracks in the vents. The issue is complex, so it’s best to let a professional handle this type of problem.

10. Leaky Ducts

The ducts on your HVAC system may leak air. This means your system has to work harder to deliver enough air to provide a cool or warm room. Leaky ducts not only make a house less comfortable, they can also significantly increase your energy bills. 

One of the best tools for diagnosing leaks is the Data Logging Airflow Volume Hot Wire Anemometer. This tool helps you or a technician identify leaks so you can make targeted repairs to your system.

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